Financing your education at SIPA Part 6 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Financing your education at SIPA Part 6 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog In our previous blog entry about student loan repayment, we discussed the initial decision to borrow, the types of loans available to SIPA students, and the resources to keep track of when your loan payments come due and to whom you will make payments.   Now let’s look at how to determine monthly payments and some of the flexible repayment options that can make managing student loan debt easier. There are a number of repayment options once you get to that stage (for many loans, you don’t enter into full repayment until after you have graduated or ceased your enrollment).   Different repayment options include Standard Repayment, Extended Repayment, Graduated Repayment, Income Based Repayment and Income Contingent Repayment; the different options can provide you with flexibility, lower your monthly payments, or calculate monthly payments as a portion of your income.   But study these plans carefully…lower monthly payments can also mean a higher cost over the life of the loan, and not every borrower qualifies for every plan.   Other students choose to consolidate multiple loans into one payment and prefer that convenience.   Click here and check out the links under the “Borrower Info” menu for more information on the Federal Direct Consolidation Loan program. Remember that these repayment plans and the consolidation option only apply to federal student loans.   If you borrow any private loans, they cannot be consolidated, and repayment options tend to be more limited, typically with less consumer protection (which is why the SIPA Financial Aid Office generally recommends that students investigate federal student loans first). Any time you borrow, you’ll want to know what your monthly payments will be.   There are a number of online loan repayment calculators, and we recommend that you visit one to learn more about how much your monthly payment would be based on how much you borrow.   One calculator is available at https://studentloans.gov (click on the Repayment Plans and Calculators link); it offers a comparison in monthly and aggregate payment amounts, including how much interest a borrower will pay, under different repayment plans offered by the US Department of Education.   Another good set of loan repayment calculators can be found at www.finaid.org  (click on Calculators and then scroll down to Loans).   There you will see a number of links for specific repayment plans available to many borrowers. In a future post, we plan to discuss options for temporarily stopping payments after you have begun making them, and a new exciting initiative that could save many SIPA graduates a lot of money based on their career choices â€" the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program.

The Dubai Islamic Bank Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2383 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Dubai Islamic Bank was established in 1975 and in the date of today it is one of the larger banks of Dubai and the country UAE. At the start of 2008, the bank, i.e. Dubai Islamic Bank had 48 branches in the country, and about 100 ATMs. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Dubai Islamic Bank Finance Essay" essay for you Create order At the end of 2008, DIB had 54 branches, and it is expected that it will open 10 another branches more to have a total of 64 branches by the end of the year 2009. During 2005-2006, the bank went through a significant regrinding effort and now it is so simple to see distinctly their distinctive yellow and green logos. The Bank also has branches in Pakistan. The bank is a public joint stock company and its share is quoted on the Dubai Financial Market. The bank has a reputation as a leader and innovator to maintain the decorum, flexibility and easily approachable of its products and services. In a very short span of time the bank has created good services and products that are setting records for the rest of the sector. (Dub10) The bank is given another name called Al Islami. The bank has a unique feature of being first Islamic bank, a bank that has Islamic values and the technology of the modern banking. The bank has established itself as the leader in the field recognized as on e of the most and reputed banks of the country. The bank has set a certain standard rather than the other Islamic banks and that is the reason of its global and international fame. The banking and the finance is included in one of the fastest growing sectors that has more than 300 institutions. The bank is also renowned for its consumer relationship or the customer relationship as it remains true to the customer and rather provides the best opportunity and system of banking and finance to the customer and that may be included as the another point of its global and international fame. (Abo101) Different customers are granted their freedom manipulating the resources and works to be done in the limit for the best profit of both. The bank thinks that the customers are the one that make the goodwill of the bank in the market so rather they fulfill all the needs give proper and comprehensive solutions to the customer and thus meet the financial needs of the customer. He bank has the motto to firstly keep the customers happy in all the regards they can and that is the place they just simply develop a good reputation in the market. (Abo101) credit risks that the bank faces So now we come to the risk factor that the bank faces. The risk factor is the credit risk. When it comes to an international global bank the biggest risk that the bank faces is of the credit that is how to get the credit of the customers and for this purpose they plan different strategies. how does the bank overcome the risk The bank overcomes the problem by creating different credit cards which thus have an attractive and genuine policy that can influence people and they can thus invest in the bank. The bank has been always active in creating partnerships and alliances at local and international level. The bank has a strategy, which started with the establishment of DIB Pakistan Limited, a wholly newly owned subsidiary of the bank. DIB opened its first representative office in Turkey to improve its access to that market. The facts convey that the bank has too achieved 60 per cent of its stake in Al Khartoum Bank and is also among the parent banks of Emirates and Sudan Bank (ESB). The steps that are taken by the bank have been set as the mark of bankà ¢ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢s ambitious plans to remove its operations into regional and international markets as part of its overall strategic plan. The bank has also shown its maturity by being appointed to as sist in giving specialist financial solutions for big and important developmental projects in the country, one of which led to the world record US$1 billion Islamic bond issue. The issue was arranged for the Government to increase funding for the second phase of the expansion of Dubai International Airport. The bank has always been helping the country in financial conditions and always managed to provide finance for all the big projects of the country. Thus the bank always puts forward some innovative and helpful ideas that could help the country for the future prospects so not only the bank is involved in giving or just put forward the ideas it just goes on to implement them in the proper and sophisticated way. Dubai Islamic Bank (DIB) said, it has recently launched Al Islami Infinite Credit Card, an invitation-only card available exclusively to ultra-high-net-worth clients of the bank. The handcrafted card, has a unique feature of diamond and illustrated with genuine gold calli graphy, gives and provides you lots of privileges, including international concierge services, airport lounge access, travel insurance, purchase protection and many more things. Tailored to meet the distinct needs of ultra high net worth clients, the Al Islami Infinite Credit Card is a lifestyle statement. (2009) It gives card members access to an international concierge service, available 24 hours a day, seven days a week, to fulfill any requirement, a company statement said. Card members can too have a look at the best tickets available for any high-profile sporting, any match that has been conducting in the country or any celebrity is performing live or cultural event at reasonable prices. Al Islami Infinite Credit Card holders have a wide range of other benefits, which thus includes full multi-trip travel insurance, back up at any place whether it is a road side or a shopping mall as well as it provides discount over a variety of products and services. The members also have access of the card over several international as well as the national airports which thus facilitate the customer in every possible way. Thus the bank has the overview of how to develop to facilitate the customers in different and attractive ways. While the company provides several facilities to the customers, it gives the customer the extended warranties to the cardholders on their purchases, and rather giving special purchase options too to the customer. Al Islami Infinite Credit Card also helps in providing many emergency services like the emergency medical coverage or the card replacement or card renovation within the warranty period, thus providing full facilities to the customers and meeting the needs and demands of the customer in every possible way. The Al Islami Infinite Credit Card is the perfect complement to our recently launched Wajaha proposition, and offers our ultra high net worth clients access to an exclusive world of benefits, said Dr Adnan Chilwan, Chief of Retail and Business Banking.We have developed this card to cater to the unique lifestyle requirements of our exclusive customers, and are confident that it will be appreciated statement about the privileged few who will carry it, he added. The bank announces the launch of the credit cards in association with visa, an offer that can account for several advantages for the customer at every place and at any time The credit card members can thus have a revolving credit facility without facing any interest amount and rather they are just required to give only and only 10 per cent of the monthly usage besides the monthly subscription fee. What a fantastic facility is provided to the customers. Wasim Saifi, Executive Vice President, Head of Retail and Business Banking, Dubai Islamic Bank, said: à ¢ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ÃƒÆ'†¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Al Islami Credit Cards offer all the convenient advantages of todays credit cards, while remaining true to the value of Sharia and the principles of Riba-free Islamic banking that Dubai Islamic Bank proudly represents. The new cards will create a difference to the value proposition that is currently available in the market will be convenient for a wide range of customers. The cards also seek to deliver the message that DIB is continually developing its products and services to suit the needs of its customers, he added. Speaking about the features of the card, he said: The cards are available in a choice of Platinum, Gold Premium, in addition to Gold and Classic. Al Islami Credit Card has no joining fee. It is free from Riba or interest, and free from the non-Islamic charges like late payment fees or over limit fees. Card holders can benefit from cash withdrawals of up to 100 per cent of the card limit through any of the over one million ATMs and financial institutions worldwide. The card is also accepted at over 35 million outlets worldwide, he added. Thus taking an overview of the card w e can thus say that the credit card is designed to meet out the needs of the customers and facilitate the customers in every possible way. It thus fulfill the financial needs of the customer with the modern convenience of being accepted the card at every place and provides a lot of other privileges too. The bank also assures that the card is free from any kind of interest and other interest charges or the fees. The other privileges that the bank provides are thus lined below- Easy to earn. Easy to spend. A loyal program for all the members of the credit card that the card provides you huge benefits and comfort. And thus profits you in every possible small way. You can earn Walaà ¢ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢a Dirhams that is some points on the card every time you spend with the card or share some of the money of the card. While you have gained some points on the card you can take surprise gifts from the bank and rather if you keep increasing t he points on the card you can get big gift vouchers from the bank. The second profit thus includes the traveling profits. The bank just provides you different kinds of discounts on various items or things which include the tickets and thus the traveling advantage also includes free accessibility of the card over several airports. To keep the point cut short, we can thus say that we can book airline tickets from the card having a look over the discount also. The card also provides the road side assistance and always provides help at any place. With the card in your hand you can assist your card at any place in case of emergency and the card can thus be use for vehicle registration, driving license and thus many more profits can be gained from the card. The card also provides you discount at the shopping place and we can thus go to any shop when we have the card as we know that the card is with us and the card is accessible at any place over any time. Rather the benefit of the card is that you can keep protected the card from the theft for a period of 60 days from the date of purchase. The card also helps you in accidents and travel insurance, rather we can say that we do not have to worry now while traveling and can travel with complete peace of mind and get utmost benefit from the card in any case of emergency like lose of our things, flight delays, emergency medical cover, etc. the card too helps in making easy payments any provides you many different ways to repay, we can thus make a point that paying the bill from the card is just simple, easy and now the most convenient way. The bank provides the money transfer, account transfer, by cheque, the ATM or rather the phone or the internet whichever way you like to do. The card also provides the 24 hour electronic banking services that means that the transactions can be done anywhere, anytime and at any place through the electronic banking services which thus include the online banking, mobile banking and pho ne banking which is available every time that is 24 hours a day. The different features of the card thus include the point that pay minimum amount each month and have the accessibility over whole of the month. It also includes global acceptability of the card with the facility of 80% cash withdrawal limit from the ATM of the branches respectively. The bank too provides different types of cards to meet out the demands and needs of the customers. The cards are thus lined below- 1) Classic Al Islami Charge Card à ¢ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ the card has been issued by the Dubai Islamic Bank. The card is the VISA. The features of the card thus include Low intro rates, Annual Fee: 200 Dhs and the Airlines Card. 2) Classic Personal Credit Card the card has been issued by the Dubai Islamic Bank. The card is the VISA. The features thus include Low Intro Rates, Annual Fee: AED 75 monthly fee and the Airlines Card. 3) Gold Al Islami Charge Card the card has been issued by the Dubai Islamic Bank. The card is the VISA. The features of the card thus include Low Intro Rates, Annual Fee: 300 Dhs and the Airlines Card. 4) Gold Personal Credit Card the card has been issued by the Dubai Islamic Bank. The card is the VISA. The features of the card thus include Low Intro Rates, Annual Fee: AED 150 monthly fee and the Airlines Card. 5) Gold Premium Personal Credit Card the card has been issued by the Dubai Islamic Bank. The card is the VISA. The features of the card thus include Low Intro Rates, Annual Fee: AED 300 monthly fee and the Airlines Card. 6) Platinum Al Islami Charge Card the card has been issued by the Dubai Islamic Bank. The card is the VISA. The features of the card thus include Low Intro Rates, Annual Fee: 1,000 Dhs, the Airlines Card and the Platinum Card 7) Platinum Personal Credit Card the card has been issued by the Dubai Islamic Bank. The card is the VISA. The features of the card thus include Low Intro Rates, Annual Fee: AE D 500 monthly fee, Airlines Card and the Platinum Card 8) VIP Platinum Al Islami Charge Card the card has been issued by the Dubai Islamic Bank. The card is the VISA. The features of the card thus include Low Intro Rates, No Annual Fee and the Airlines Card. (Dub101)

A Theory Of Careers And Vocational Choice Based Upon...

Holland Codes RIASEC refers to a theory of careers and vocational choice based upon personality types. Psychologist, John L. Holland, developed the theoretical framework behind the Holland Codes. Each letter or code stands for a particular type: Realistic (Doers), Investigative (Thinkers), Artistic (Creators), Social (Helpers), Enterprising (Persuaders), and Conventional (Organizers). According to Holland, a three-letter code represents a client s overall personality. The test consists of 48 example tasks that you rate by how much you would enjoy performing each on a scale of (1) dislike (2) slightly dislike (3) neither like not dislike (4) slightly enjoy (5) enjoy. The test will take five to ten minutes to complete. The five personal Style Scales had coefficient alphas that ranged from .82 to .87 obtained for both the O*NET Interest Profiler and the Interest-Finder. The O*NET Interest Profiler and Interest-Finder had very high internal consistency estimates across all the RIASEC scales. The reliability estimates, ranging from .93 to .96, are very similar across RIASEC scales and interest measures. In Holland’s Theory, consistency refers to the relatedness of types in the obtained code. Pairs of types next to each other on the Holland Hexagon are more psychologically alike then pairs father away. If the secondary code is composed of two types next to each other the code is consistent. This inventory has been professional developed and validated against establishedShow MoreRelatedanne roes theory of needs and career choice Essay1423 Words   |  6 PagesColorado. Upon graduating from the University of Denver, she attended Columbia University, following the recommendation of Thomas Garth. A t Columbia, Roe worked in the office of Edward Lee Thorndike, graduating with her Ph.D. in experimental psychology under the supervision of Robert S. Woodworm. 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Bill Cosby The Greatest Downfalls Known Around The World...

Like many legendary individuals, Bill Cosby has suffered one of the greatest downfalls known around the world today. Cosby’s recasted influential career has slowly deteriorated inch by inch as different accusations have surfaced against him. William Shakespeare, author of Hamlet, created an even greater downfall, but in a fictional story. Hamlet is a story pertaining to many worldly issues like revenge, women, and loyalty. An appearance from Hamlet’s past; his planned, fabricated, demented mindset; the arrival of two old friends; and the death of his beloved lead Hamlet into a psychotic state of mind that induced his determination to seek revenge. In the beginning, Hamlet appears grief stricken and soon shifts to the worst after his†¦show more content†¦In the play Hamlet introduces his mad behavior as a fictitious plan. Although he informs us that he is just pretending, there seems to be a fine line drawn between his pretend madness and his real madness. As he is speaking with his mother, he hears noises behind the tapestry and believes it to be Claudias. He shouts, â€Å"How now! a rat?† draws his sword and stabs through the tapestry, killing the unseen Polonius (III.iv.22) . The idea that he must get revenge for his father drives him into such a crazy state of mind he is incapable of making appropriate decisions, such as checking behind the curtain before just going on a killing spree. Another thing that sets Hamlet over the edge is the fake friendship Rosencrantz and Guildenstern commence with Hamlet. King Claudius invites Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to the palace with selfish intentions. Claudius requests the men to investigate Hamlet by â€Å"get[ing] from him why he puts on this confusion, Grating so harshly all his days of quiet† (III.i.2-3). He wants them to figure out why he’s acting so dazed and confused, as well as ruining his own peace and quiet, while all along Hamlet is well aware of their true endeavors. During their attempts Hamlets says, â€Å"Call me what instrument you will, though you can fret me, yet you cannot play upon me† (III.ii.340-341). Hamlet compares deception to playing a musical instrument by making the comparison that his friends think that it is easier to manipulate him than an

Essay on Leadership Style And Job Satisfaction

Question: Discuss about the Essay on Leadership Style And Job Satisfaction In Higher Education Institutions? Answer: Introduction Establishments look forward in creating their vision to attain their mission that is considered the foundation or keystone of their genesis. This requires inputs of a production set such as capital, machines, information, material and human resources. Human resources are always considered the most vital input in the production set. The success of any establishment depends on the ability of the establishment to use its human resources to achieve higher levels of performance. This is considered the desired goal and objective of these establishments. On the other hand, the performance of an establishment is highly dependent on the leadership styles of the leaders in the establishments. Numerous leadership styles may be present within an establishment. However, it is wise to follow a single leadership style in an establishment (Alonderiene Majauskaite, 2016). This particular research focuses on the relationship between job satisfaction of the teachers and leadership styles as well as their impact on the quality of education in public secondary schools in Tabuk city of Saudi Arabia. The research will highlight different leadership styles, job satisfaction of the teachers, relationship between the two variables and the impact of these two variables on the quality of education. School leadership is the main aspect of the establishment of the education systems as it plays a major role in enhancing higher levels of performance of the employees of every sector, especially the teachers. It is because the teachers consider leadership as a major component to improve the quality of education (Basak Govender, 2015). In this particular research, the focus will be put on the education sector in Tabuk city of Saudi Arabia. It is because there is lack of research on the education sector of Tabuk. The government looks after the education system. However , few problems need to be identified and rectified. Therefore, the topic has been chosen for this research. Background The background of this research study is to reflect upon the leadership styles and job satisfaction of the teachers and their impact on the quality of education in the secondary schools in Tabuk city of Saudi Arabia. It is seen that the changes in the styles of leadership helps in bringing a good revolution in the working styles of the teachers and their perception of job. Previously, in the traditional era, the teachers had to follow a rigid structure of system of education (under the autocratic leadership). However, the visionary leadership and the transformation leadership styles adopted by the administrative staffs or principals of the schools has motivated the teachers to bring necessary changes in the culture as well as the curriculum of the schools as per the prevailing environment in schools (BinBakr Ahmed, 2015). This type of leadership can be called distributed leadership as it takes into account the distribution of tasks of the teachers. It has been critically analyzed th at there is a relationship between the satisfaction levels of the teachers and their participative leadership. In this particular type of leadership, the teachers undertake the tasks as a responsibility as their suggestions and values are given importance. The principals or the directors of the schools shares information with the teachers and keep interactive communication (Bogler Nir, 2014). It is reflected that autonomy at the workplace has a direct link with the job satisfaction levels of the teachers. Therefore, the motivation of teachers leads to the enhancement of their job satisfaction, which further has a positive impact on the quality of education. If the teachers are satisfied, they will impart quality education to their students. The leadership style of a school principal directly influences the self-efficacy of the teachers. The styles of leadership relates to the stress and conflict factors of the teachers. Autocratic leadership has a negative impact on the self-efficacy of the teachers, as it does not motivate the teachers to put in great efforts in the quality of teaching (Teeroovengadum, Kamalanabhan Seebaluck, 2016). Therefore, the leadership style should be participative and transformative to enhance the satisfaction levels of the teachers. It is very important to keep the teachers satisfied to improve the growth and development of schools (akmak, zteki n KaradaÄÅ ¸, 2015). It is highly substantial to adopt the process of effective leadership to motivate the teachers to participate and emphasize interactive communication. This helps in leading towards the zenith of success and it is beneficial for the staffs and the organization as a whole. The followers need to stick to the framework and standard policies of the leaders and it further helps in achieving job satisfaction in the teachers. The transformational leadership and the shared or distributive leadership give importance to the individual interests of the individuals and it helps in enhancing the satisfaction level of the individuals. Therefore, it is seen that leadership plays a major role in improving the levels of job satisfaction of the teachers as well as has a positive impact on the quality of education (Cceres, Mayo Aguilar, 2016). In the schools of Saudi Arabia, the teachers are employed without sufficient development and training. Therefore, the country lacks efficient leadership skills in the education sector (Gupta Hyde, 2015). Importance of the Research The leadership styles are studied widely across all nations. In this particular research paper, the different leadership styles will be discussed in various situations. Hence, the research is important because it not only determines the various styles of leadership but also brings out the relation between the leadership styles and the levels of job satisfaction of the teachers in the secondary schools of Tabuk in Saudi Arabia. After bringing out the relationship between these two variables, the research paper will focus on the impact of the quality of education because of these two variables. The quality of education in schools is largely dependent on the way the teachers teach or train the students. If the teachers are motivated and satisfied, the students will benefit from them. It will have a positive impact on the overall performance of the schools. Hence, it is very important to keep the teachers satisfied (Curry, 2015). Proper leaders (Principals in this case) should lead them and they should be provided with the opportunity to share their views and opinions on the administrative matters. They should be provided with proper training and development to impart knowledge to the students. Their active participation can help the schools to reach the zenith of success. Therefore, this research is conducted to determine the effects of leadership style on the levels of job satisfaction of the teachers and analyze the influence of the job satisfaction and leadership styles on the quality of education (Chiniara Bentein, 2016). Education administration is a tool that directs the educational institutions and motivates all the staffs of the schools. The institutions must search for the most important factors that lead to effectiveness of teachers by stimulating their sense of job satisfaction levels. The most important factor is the leadership styles that helps to improve the organizational climate and enhance the performance of the school teachers. It increase their effectiveness of education through the impact on their levels of job satisfaction. Educational administration no longer depends on the decision-making process. It has become a humanitarian process (dynamic) that is designed to meet the needs and demands of the employees that are appropriate to the environment of education (Gilbert, Horsman Kelloway, 2016). Research Problem In spite of the significant progress of the education sector of Saudi Arabia in the past few years, the system has faced many obstacles. The government of Saudi Arabia that is represented by the Ministry of Education has created a mission to fill the positions of the teachers that were previously occupied by non-Saudi teachers, with Saudi teachers and head teachers. It is because the education system has faced certain negative consequences because of the appointment of non-teachers. Hence, the education system of Saudi Arabia has faced many challenges regarding the leadership styles used in the schools of Saudi Arabia. It is because the teachers and the head teachers are appointed and employed without sufficient development and training (Seng Wai, 2015). This has a great pressure on the administration of schools, which do not have any concern except for the implementation of instructions and orders from the Ministry of Education. This led to majority of schools in Saudi Arabia to ne glect the styles of leadership in the schools. Therefore, this is the key or major problem in the schools of Saudi Arabia. Hence, the research problem has been chosen to mitigate the endemic problem in the Saudi Arabian schools (Mansfield et al. 2016). It is known that the leadership styles used by the administrators of schools differ in terms of the values that they believe. Democratic leadership has a direct impact on human relations and involves employees in the process of decision-making (Taliadorou Pashiardis, 2015). This approach takes into account the views and opinions of every individual. On the other hand, autocratic leadership managed work through tyrannical opinion and the decision-making process is centralized. Autocratic leadership has become a major problem in the secondary schools of Tabuk. Therefore, it has a negative impact on the teaching styles of the teachers. They feel de-motivated and it affects the quality of teaching. They are not satisfied with the leadership style of the government of Saudi Arabia, as they cannot benefit from their leaders (Minadzi Boadu, 2016). The success of the administration in achieving the desired goals and objectives depends on the leaders and their styles because it has an impact on the performance and job satisfaction levels of the teachers. This enhances the quality of education (Pelletier Rocchi, 2016). Research Questions What are the various leadership styles in secondary schools of Tabuk city? There are overlapping leadership styles in the schools. Which style do you think is best suited for the schools of Tabuk city? Are the teachers satisfied with the style of leadership implemented by the government of Saudi Arabia? What is the relationship between the leadership styles and the levels of job satisfaction among the teachers in the secondary schools of Tabuk city of Saudi Arabia? Does the dominant leadership style have a positive or a negative impact on the quality of education in the secondary schools of Tabuk city? What measures need to be taken to improve the quality of education in the secondary schools of Tabuk city? How satisfied are the teachers with the said leadership style and how well are they motivated to impart knowledge to their students? Is there is a possibility of improvement in the education system of Tabuk city after the implementation of this research process? Aims and Objectives The aim of this research is to find out the leadership styles and the levels of job satisfaction of the teachers of Tabuk city of Saudi Arabia. The objective of this research is to determine the relationship between these two variables and to evaluate the impact of the said variables on the quality of education in the Saudi Arabian schools (Prichard Moore, 2016). The research aims to find out the impact of the dominant style of leadership on the job satisfaction levels of the teachers in the secondary schools of Tabuk. In context to the aim of this particular research, the following objectives addressed in this paper are depicted below: To explore the different styles of leadership that affect the job satisfaction level of the teachers in the secondary schools of Tabuk city To explore the most dominant leadership style in the schools of Tabuk city of Saudi Arabia To explore the job satisfaction level of the teachers with the Saudi Arabian leadership To analyze the relationship between the leadership style and teachers job satisfaction To depict the positive or negative impact on the education system because of the dominant leadership style To study the measures taken by to improve the quality of education system in Saudi Arabia To explore the satisfaction and motivation level of the teachers to impart knowledge to the students To find out if there is a possibility of improvement in the quality of education system of Tabuk city of Saudi Arabia Research Methodology The mixed approach of the technique of data analysis will be helpful in collecting the quantitative and qualitative data on the research subject. The mentioned approaches will depend on the findings of a wide range of published literature (Ratyan Mohammad, 2016). The research will be obtained and acquired by the use of field studies such as surveys, questionnaires and personal interviews. The method of literature review will be used to collect data under the technique of qualitative research. The review is able to gain the subjective knowledge of different styles of leadership along with their advantages and disadvantages. It will help in exploring the relationship of leadership styles with job satisfaction in the subjective context. On the other hand, in the technique of quantitative research, the data will be collected through survey and questionnaire and then, the data will be analyzed. This particular research proposal will help in getting real experience-based information from the teachers of public secondary schools of Tabuk city. This method will be effective in providing good information about the leadership practices in the past as well as the present context (Runhaar, Konermann Sanders, 2013). The responses of sample population of teachers will be collected through the surveys and this will further help in determining the relationship between the leadership practices and teachers job satisfaction along with the quality of education. To conduct an effective research, the random sampling method will be used. There are thirty secondary schools in the Tabuk city with nearly nine hundred teachers. The teachers will be chosen randomly from thirty schools and this method will help in determining the research questions with the help of surveys and questionnaires. Te sampling method is an unbiased research, as it provides equal opportunity to the individuals selected in the sample (Selamat, Nordin Adnan, 2013). The data collection method will improve the accuracy, reliability and validity of the findings of the research. Conclusion and Recommendations This particular research study has a wider scope to determine the relationship between the leadership styles and the job satisfaction levels of the teachers. It further determines the impact of these two variables on the quality of education system. This study mainly focused on the leadership styles adopted by the public secondary schools in the Tabuk city of Saudi Arabia. This particular research paper will serve the basic knowledge for the further research studies in the international field of education in the near future. The study has pointed out the various leadership styles and the dominant leadership style in the Saudi Arabian city, Tabuk. It has pointed out the difficulties faced by the teachers because of the implementation of the strategies by the government of Saudi Arabia. It has shown that if the teachers are not motivated and satisfied, it can have a negative impact on the quality of the education system. The teachers should be given the space to think freely and take d ecisions to impart their knowledge to the students. This will enhance the growth and development of the teachers and the students as well as the institution as a whole. References Alonderiene, R., Majauskaite, M. (2016). Leadership Style And Job Satisfaction In Higher Education Institutions.International Journal of Educational Management,30(1), 140-164. Basak, S. K., Govender, D. W. (2015). Theoretical Framework Of The Factors Affecting University Academics' Job Satisfaction.The International Business Economics Research Journal (Online),14(2), 317. BinBakr, M. B., Ahmed, E. I. (2015). An Empirical Investigation of Faculty Members' Organizational Commitmentin the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.American Journal of Educational Research,3(8), 1020-1026. Bogler, R., Nir, A. E. (2014). The contribution of perceived fit between job demands and abilities to teachers commitment and job satisfaction.Educational Management Administration Leadership, 1741143214535736. Cceres, M. G., Mayo, A. R. P., Aguilar, J. A. H. (2016). ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE AND EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS.International Education and Research Journal,2(2). akmak, E., ztekin, ., KaradaÄÅ ¸, E. (2015). The Effect of LeadershipLeadership on Job Satisfaction. InLeadership and Organizational Outcomes(pp. 29-56). Springer International Publishing. Chiniara, M., Bentein, K. (2016). Linking servant leadership to individual performance: Differentiating the mediating role of autonomy, competence and relatedness need satisfaction.The Leadership Quarterly,27(1), 124-141. Curry, C. D. (2015). Coaching Global Teams and Global Team Leaders. InLeading Global Teams(pp. 141-168). Springer New York. Gilbert, S., Horsman, P., Kelloway, E. K. (2016). The motivation for transformational leadership scale: an examination of the factor structure and initial tests.Leadership Organization Development Journal,37(2). Gupta, B., Hyde, A. M. H. (2015). Key References on Quality of Work Life.Vishwakarma Business Review,5(1), 109-118. Mansfield, C. F., Beltman, S., Broadley, T., Weatherby-Fell, N. (2016). Building resilience in teacher education: An evidenced informed framework.Teaching and Teacher Education,54, 77-87. Minadzi, V. M., Boadu, K. (2016). The Leadership Styles of Basic School Head Teachers: What Teachers Say.Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal,3(1). Pelletier, L. G., Rocchi, M. (2016). Teachers Motivation in the Classroom. InBuilding Autonomous Learners(pp. 107-127). Springer Singapore. Prichard, C., Moore, J. E. (2016). Variables influencing teacher autonomy, administrative coordination, and collaboration.Journal of Educational Administration,54(1). Ratyan, M. A. M., Mohammad, A. A. M. (2016). Saudi Higher Education Reality and Prospects: Evaluating Careers Dimensions of University Teaching, Scientific Research and Community Service Northern Border University as a Model.Indian Journal of Science and Technology,9(4). Runhaar, P., Konermann, J., Sanders, K. (2013). Teachers' organizational citizenship behaviour: Considering the roles of their work engagement, autonomy and leadermember exchange.Teaching and teacher education,30, 99-108. Selamat, N., Nordin, N., Adnan, A. A. (2013). Rekindle Teacher's Organizational Commitment: The Effect of Transformational Leadership Behavior.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,90, 566-574. Seng, E. L. K., Wai, C. C. (2015). An Empirical Study of Academic and Non-academic Staffs Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment in an Institute of Higher Learning.Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics,4(1). Taliadorou, N., Pashiardis, P. (2015). Examining the role of emotional intelligence and political skill to educational leadership and their effects to teachers job satisfaction.Journal of Educational Administration,53(5), 642-666. Teeroovengadum, V., Kamalanabhan, T. J., Seebaluck, A. K. (2016). Measuring service quality in higher education: development of a hierarchical model (HESQUAL).Quality Assurance in Education,24(2).

Silas Marner is a study of alienation and redemption Essay Example

Silas Marner is a study of alienation and redemption Paper Silas Marner is the story of a skilful but unfortunate weaver, who has much misfortune in his life, as he is mis-treated by a close friend called William Dane, during his time as a member of the Lantern Yard sect. After which he was forced to move to the town of Raveloe, which is a small but picturesque village, where he lives a quiet and madesonate lifestyle as a weaver for a long period of fifteen years. In this novel Eliot uses different ways of characterisation for the different characters she uses during the story. Silas Marner, who is the leading figure pf the novel, is a lonely middle-aged bachelor with a small build and protruding, myopic eyes. By trade he is a weaver but more importantly, he is an ordinary man not leading an ordinary life. Throughout the novel we are shown that Silas is a loving and trusting person. These remain constant in Silas, even through the development of his character, the betrayal by his closest friend William Dane and the disgrace of him being found guilty of theft and his exclusion from the Lantern Yard sect have made him unable to have human company for a long period of time. We will write a custom essay sample on Silas Marner is a study of alienation and redemption specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Silas Marner is a study of alienation and redemption specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Silas Marner is a study of alienation and redemption specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer At every stage in the development of his character, Eliot has something else to prop Silas up on, that he is very dependant on, something that is outside of himself. His religion at Lantern Yard, his work and gold for the first fifteen years of his life in Raveloe and then after his gold is stolen he finds Eppie and it is then her which he is very dependant on. Silas is very gentle by nature, and he even tells Jem Rodney to return his gold and he will take no action. When Eppie is young he is very lenient with her and cannot even bring himself to hit her when she is naughty. But for all this gentleness he is still not lacking in strength of confidence to defend himself, we see this when he sees injustice, as shown with his little outburst at Lantern Yard and angry reproaches to Godfrey Cass. He also possesses an immense capacity for love. He takes in the child and he never questions will he keep her and love her, he just does this without a thought given to it. Silas is loving enough towards Eppie, that when Godfrey attempts to reclaim Eppie in later life Silas says she can go if she chooses. Even the miserliness that he shows, by him hoarding the gold, is an attempt to fill the void that is left by his lack of love. Even though he remains poor and uneducated throughout the novel. Silass nature is far finer than any other character in the novel including the gentry. Even though he removes himself from religion when he reaches the village of Raveloe, his knowledge and belief is still far superior to that of the Raveloe villagers, as he knows in his heart that in spite of all the doubts along the way, his faith is not based on the unquestioned doctrines. There are many instances of alienation in this novel and most of them happen to Silas. He is at first an influential member of Lantern Yard and not initially alienated but after the betrayal by his closest friend William Dane and Silas is found guilty of theft, the sects leaders and its members turn their backs on him and he becomes alienated from them and their religion and work. Silas does not gain redemption from this sect until the end of the book. Upon arriving in Raveloe Silas self imposes alienation as he feels that he is unable to trust anyone after his closest friend had betrayed him. The people around Silas that belong to the village are very superstitious and uneducated. When he treats Sally Oakes with his knowledge of medical lore they believe that he is a healer but they also think that if he is a healer, he can also hurt people too. He is unwilling to get involved in village life for this reason and also his physical characteristics and his digital dexterity with the loom, play a big part in the fact that they do not trust him, his large protruding eyes and the fact that he has catalepsy go along way towards the people thinking he is not able to be trusted. It is self imposed for a number of reasons, he no longer feels that he can trust anybody after the events at Lantern Yard and he also no longer believes in what he is told because he thinks that it is all lies. Evidence that he alienated himself from the village: He was generally spoken of as a poor mushed Creature and that avoidance of his neighbours, which Had before been referred to his ill-will, and to a Probable addiction to worse company, was now Considered mere craziness There is still one thing that he will trust and believe in and that is his gold. He believes this because it is not a living things and does not have feelings so it will not be able to betray him. The milieu has a large part to play in this alienation due to the setting that Silas has found himself in. There are great differences between the two settings that Silas has lived in, he was never really alienated from Lantern Yard until right at the very end of his membership, but in Raveloe he is because of the superstitious characteristics that the village people posses. The way in which Silas marner is alienated can also be linked with novels structure is cyclical and it is also almost liturgical to the Christian calendar year, as time is the crucial factor in the novel as the more time that passes the more changes it brings. The alienation can also be linked with the narrative voice of George Eliot; she is motivated by the theme of this novel and guides the views of the readers towards her views. There is an autobiographical element in this writing as Eliot herself once suffered alienation from her father because he did not speak to her for a number of years and also out caste her because of her unorthodox belief in the Christian religion and her relationships with married men. There are also many examples of redemption in this novel, which Eliot also received when her father began to talk to her again. Redemption is where one starts to regain a sense of ones worth. Silass life had become like a spiders web, because he was in the middle and everything span outwards from him and his loom. One day after the New Year had began Silas had been out for a walk, he came back to his cottage and he fell into one of his cataleptic fit whilst standing at his door. He awoke with blurry eyes and saw gold locks on the floor, at first he thought it was his gold but then he touched it and it was the feel of the hair of a baby girl, this was a sign of a new beginning and a miraculous event in his life and this began to make up for all the misfortune that he had experienced and begins to express to the reader that miracles do happen and the wheel will turn a full circle in the end and everybodys luck changes. There is almost something biblical about the moment where he finds the baby girl on the floor in his cottage. Silas begins to find new belief when he finds her on his floor and instantly finds love in his heart for her. There is also a sub plot to this story that also included alienation and redemption was the fact that Godfrey became alienated from both of his wives at different times in the story. Firstly it was self imposed to become alienated from his wife and child because he thinks that it will ruin his chances with Nancy Lammeter and also that she has a drug addiction that he is paying for. Secondly he again imposes the alienation upon himself but this time it was not from his second wife Nancy but from her affections towards him. He begins to think that their marriage is pointless as she is unable to have children and is unwilling to adopt because she is a very superstitious woman and thinks if she cannot have them, then she was not made to have them. There is redemption for him too though on both occasions. On the same night that Silas gains redemption, Godfrey also gains redemption from his alienation from his first wife. His wife was found frozen to death after she had gone out to show up at Squire Casss New Years party but had not made it all the way, she was found outside Silass cottage and her daughter had wandered off into Silass cottage and he claimed her for his own. There is redemption on the second occasion for Godfrey but it is then taken harshly away from him, when he offers Eppie a chance to come and live in his house, with all the luxuries that she would never experience while with Silas and she refuses. Godfrey would have been happy to take her away from the man she has called dad for all those years, without even giving it a second thought. He begins to realise that this is very selfish and it is his own fault, unlike when Silass gold was stolen. Throughout the novel the readers response is guided by the narrative voice, this is because of the explicit moralizing during the persona that is adopted by Eliot and this guides the didactic element to the novel. The persona throughout this novel is on of a sensitive and a wise commentator upon the human life. The narrator is both sympathetic and humane towards the characters. The didactic elements are very simple to see and should be picked up by even the simplest of readers, they are homely and are observations based upon natural imagery. The narrative structure is divided up into two parts. The development of Silas Marners character is put into part one and this has a main and a sub plot. The main is Silas Marner and his life and the sub plot being Godfrey and Dunsten. The second part involves a main and a sub plot also. The main plot being Silas and Eppie, with the sub plot again involving Godfrey and his wife Nancy. The different parts that structure the novel are forever changing in the novel and this guides the reader to a much better understanding of Silass character and the divine power of providence, which involves the wheel of life that will always turn a full circle to change peoples luck. The understanding of this is vital to the plot and understanding of the story. All this contributes and conveys the impression to the reader the views held by George Eliot that human life is very much conveyed by didactic intentions.

The 5 Sectors of the Economy

The 5 Sectors of the Economy A nation’s economy can be divided into various sectors to define the proportion of the population engaged in different activities. This categorization represents a continuum of distance from the natural environment. The continuum starts with primary economic activity, which concerns itself with the utilization of raw materials from the earth, such as agriculture and mining. From there, the distance from natural resources increases. Primary Sector The primary sector of the economy extracts or harvests products from the earth, such as raw materials and basic foods. Activities associated with primary economic activity include agriculture (both subsistence and commercial), mining, forestry, grazing, hunting and gathering, fishing, and quarrying. The packaging and processing of raw materials are also considered to be part of this sector. In developed and developing countries, a decreasing proportion of workers is involved in the primary sector. Only about 2 percent of the U.S. labor force is engaged in primary sector activity today, a dramatic decrease from the mid-19th century when more than two-thirds of the labor force consisted of primary-sector workers. Secondary Sector The secondary sector of the economy produces finished goods from the raw materials extracted by the primary economy. All  manufacturing, processing, and construction jobs lie within this sector. Activities associated with the secondary sector include metalworking and smelting, automobile production, textile production, the chemical and engineering industries, aerospace manufacturing, energy utilities, breweries and bottlers, construction, and shipbuilding. In the United States, a little less than 15 percent of the working population is engaged in secondary sector activity. Tertiary Sector The tertiary sector of the economy is also known as the service industry. This sector sells the goods produced by the secondary sector and provides commercial services to both the general population and to businesses in all five economic sectors. Activities associated with this sector include retail and wholesale sales, transportation and distribution, restaurants, clerical services, media, tourism, insurance, banking, health care, and law. In most developed and developing countries, a growing proportion of workers is devoted to the tertiary sector. In the United States about 80 percent of the labor force is tertiary workers. The Bureau of Labor Statistics puts non-agriculture self-employed into its own category, and that accounts for another 5 percent of workers, though the sector for these people would be determined by their job. Quaternary Sector Although many economic models divide the economy into only three sectors, others divide it into four or even five sectors. These final two sectors are closely linked with the services of the tertiary sector. In these models, the quaternary sector of the economy consists of intellectual activities often associated with technological innovation. It is sometimes called the knowledge economy.   Activities associated with this sector include government, culture, libraries, scientific research, education, and information technology. These intellectual services and activities are what drives technological advancement, which can have a huge impact on short- and long-term economic growth. Quinary Sector Some economists further subdivide the quaternary sector into the quinary sector, which includes the highest levels of decision making in a society or economy. This sector includes top executives or officials in such fields as government, science, universities, nonprofits, health care, culture, and the media. It may also include police and fire departments, which are public services as opposed to for-profit enterprises. Economists sometimes also include domestic activities (duties performed in the home by a family member or dependent) in the quinary sector. These activities, such as child care or housekeeping, are typically not measured by monetary amounts but contribute to the economy by providing services for free that would otherwise be paid for.